Today, October 3, is Gaecheonjeol (개천절), one of South Korea’s national holidays. The word “Gaecheonjeol” means “the day the sky opened,” and it commemorates the legendary founding of the first Korean kingdom, Gojoseon, by Dangun Wanggeom in 2333 B.C.
According to the Dangun myth, Hwanung, a heavenly figure, descended to Earth to rule over humanity. A bear transformed into a woman after enduring a sacred trial, and together with Hwanung, she gave birth to Dangun. Dangun later founded the ancient kingdom of Gojoseon, which is regarded as the first state of the Korean people.
The holiday was first celebrated in 1909 by Daejonggyo, a religious movement dedicated to worshipping Dangun. In 1949, after the establishment of the Republic of Korea, Gaecheonjeol was officially designated as a national holiday.
Each year, government officials and citizens hold commemorative ceremonies in Seoul and across the nation. On this day, many Koreans also raise the national flag, honoring their ancestors and reflecting on the roots of their national identity.
Beyond celebrating the myth of origin, Gaecheonjeol serves as a reminder of Korea’s unity and hopes for the future. Just as the day marks the opening of the sky, it symbolizes new beginnings and the enduring spirit of the Korean people.
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